ebab7d0da53c51438720d60c6e2e467c - /page/wikibook/entry.mu

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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Colonel general</span></span>

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<a href="List_of_comparative_military_ranks" title="List of comparative military ranks">Comparative military ranks</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0;">

<b>Armies,<br>air forces <br><span style="font-size: 85%;">(non-Commonwealth)</span></b></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b">

<b>Navies, <br>coast guards</b></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-c">

<b>Air forces</b><br><span style="font-size: 85%;"><b>(Commonwealth system)</b></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="4" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;"><a href="General_officer" title="General officer">General officers</a>, <a href="Flag_officer" title="Flag officer">Flag officers</a>, <a href="Air_officer" title="Air officer">Air officers</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"></th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a">

<a href="Marshal" title="Marshal">Marshal</a> or<br> <a href="Field_marshal" title="Field marshal">field marshal</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b">

<a href="Admiral_of_the_fleet" title="Admiral of the fleet">Admiral of the fleet</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-c">

<a href="Marshal_of_the_air_force" title="Marshal of the air force">Marshal of the air force</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"></th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a">

<a href="General_officer" title="General officer">General</a> or<br> or<br><a href="Army_general" title="Army general">army general</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b">

<a href="Admiral" title="Admiral">Admiral</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-c">

<a href="Air_chief_marshal" title="Air chief marshal">Air chief marshal</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"></th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a">

<a href="Lieutenant_general" title="Lieutenant general">Lieutenant general</a> or<br><a href="Army_corps_general" title="Army corps general">army corps general</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b">

<a href="Vice_admiral" title="Vice admiral">Vice admiral</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-c">

<a href="Air_marshal" title="Air marshal">Air marshal</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"></th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a">

<a href="Major_general" title="Major general">Major general</a> or<br><a href="Divisional_general" title="Divisional general">divisional general</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b">

<a href="Rear_admiral" title="Rear admiral">Rear admiral</a> or<br> <a href="Counter_admiral" title="Counter admiral">counter admiral</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-c">

<a href="Air_vice-marshal" title="Air vice-marshal">Air vice-marshal</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"></th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a">

<a href="Brigadier" title="Brigadier">Brigadier</a> or<br><a href="Brigadier_general" title="Brigadier general">brigadier general</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b">

<a href="Commodore_(rank)" title="Commodore (rank)">Commodore</a> or<br><a href="Flotilla_admiral" title="Flotilla admiral">flotilla admiral</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-c">

<a href="Air_commodore" title="Air commodore">Air commodore</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="4" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;"><a href="Senior_officer" title="Senior officer">Senior officers</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"></th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a">

<a href="Colonel" title="Colonel">Colonel</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b">

<a href="Captain_(naval)" title="Captain (naval)">(Ship-of-the-line)<br>Captain</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-c">

<a href="Group_captain" title="Group captain">Group captain</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"></th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a">

<a href="Lieutenant_colonel" title="Lieutenant colonel">Lieutenant colonel</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b">

<a href="Commander" title="Commander">Commander</a> or<br><a href="Frigate_captain" title="Frigate captain">frigate captain</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-c">

<a href="Wing_commander" title="Wing commander">Wing commander</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"></th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a">

<a href="Major_(rank)" title="Major (rank)">Major</a> or<br><a href="Commandant_(rank)" title="Commandant (rank)">commandant</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b">

<a href="Lieutenant_commander" title="Lieutenant commander">Lieutenant<br>commander</a> or <a href="Corvette_captain" title="Corvette captain">corvette captain</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-c">

<a href="Squadron_leader" title="Squadron leader">Squadron leader</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="4" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;"><a href="Junior_officer" title="Junior officer">Junior officers</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"></th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a">

<a href="Captain_(armed_forces)" title="Captain (armed forces)">Captain</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b">

<a href="Lieutenant_(navy)" title="Lieutenant (navy)">Lieutenant</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-c">

<a href="Flight_lieutenant" title="Flight lieutenant">Flight lieutenant</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"></th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a">

<a href="First_lieutenant" title="First lieutenant">First lieutenant</a> or<br><a href="Lieutenant" title="Lieutenant">lieutenant</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b">

<a href="Lieutenant_(junior_grade)" title="Lieutenant (junior grade)">Lieutenant<br>junior grade</a> or <br><a href="Sub-lieutenant" title="Sub-lieutenant">sub-lieutenant</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-c">

<a href="Flying_officer" title="Flying officer">Flying officer</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"></th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a">

<a href="Second_lieutenant" title="Second lieutenant">Second lieutenant</a> or<br><a href="Junior_lieutenant" title="Junior lieutenant">junior lieutenant</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b">

<a href="Ensign_(rank)" title="Ensign (rank)">Ensign</a> or<br><a href="Midshipman" title="Midshipman">midshipman</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-c">

<a href="Pilot_officer" title="Pilot officer">Pilot officer</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="4" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;"><a href="Non-commissioned_officer" title="Non-commissioned officer">Non-commissioned officers</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"></th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a">

<a href="Warrant_officer" title="Warrant officer">Warrant officer</a> or<br><a href="Sergeant_major" title="Sergeant major">sergeant major</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b">

<a href="Warrant_officer" title="Warrant officer">Warrant officer</a> or<br><a href="Chief_petty_officer" title="Chief petty officer">chief petty officer</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-c">

<a href="Warrant_officer" title="Warrant officer">Warrant officer</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"></th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a">

<a href="Sergeant" title="Sergeant">Sergeant</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b">

<a href="Petty_officer" title="Petty officer">Petty officer</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-c">

<a href="Sergeant" title="Sergeant">Sergeant</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"></th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a">

<a href="Corporal" title="Corporal">Corporal</a> or<br><a href="Bombardier_(rank)" title="Bombardier (rank)">bombardier</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b">

<a href="Leading_seaman" title="Leading seaman">Leading seaman</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-c">

<a href="Corporal" title="Corporal">Corporal</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="4" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;"><a href="Enlisted_rank" title="Enlisted rank">Enlisted ranks</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"></th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a">

<a href="Lance_corporal" title="Lance corporal">Lance corporal</a> or<br><a href="Lance_bombardier" class="mw-redirect" title="Lance bombardier">Lance bombardier</a> or<br><a href="Specialist_(rank)" title="Specialist (rank)">specialist</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b">

<a href="Able_seaman_(rank)" title="Able seaman (rank)">Able seaman</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-c">

<a href="Leading_aircraftman" title="Leading aircraftman">Leading aircraftman</a> or<br><a href="Air_specialist" title="Air specialist">Air specialist</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"></th><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-a">

<a href="Private_(rank)" title="Private (rank)">Private</a> or<br><a href="Gunner_(rank)" title="Gunner (rank)">gunner</a> or<br><a href="Trooper_(rank)" title="Trooper (rank)">trooper</a> or<br><a href="Sapper#Specific_usage" title="Sapper">sapper</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-b">

<a href="Seaman_(rank)" title="Seaman (rank)">Seaman</a></td><td class="infobox-data infobox-data-c">

<a href="Aircraftman" title="Aircraftman">Aircraftman</a> or<br><a href="Airman" title="Airman">airman</a> or<br><a href="Aircraftman" title="Aircraftman">aviator</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td>

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<p><b>Colonel general</b> is a military rank used in some armies. It is particularly associated with <a href="Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>, where historically <a href="General_officer#Old_European_system" title="General officer">general officer ranks</a> were one grade lower than in the Commonwealth and the United States, and <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="Generaloberst" title="Generaloberst">Generaloberst</a></i></span> was a rank above full <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="General_(Germany)" title="General (Germany)">General</a></i></span>, but below <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="Generalfeldmarschall" title="Generalfeldmarschall">Generalfeldmarschall</a></i></span>. The rank of colonel general also exists in the armed forces organized along the lines of the Soviet model, where it is comparable to that of a <a href="Lieutenant_general" title="Lieutenant general">lieutenant general</a>.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Austria-Hungary">Austria-Hungary</h2></div>

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</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="List_of_Austro-Hungarian_colonel_generals" title="List of Austro-Hungarian colonel generals">List of Austro-Hungarian colonel generals</a></div>

<p>In the <a href="Austro-Hungarian_Army" title="Austro-Hungarian Army">Austro-Hungarian Army</a>, the second-highest rank was colonel general (<a href="German_language" title="German language">German</a>: <i lang="de">Generaloberst</i>, <a href="Hungarian_language" title="Hungarian language">Hungarian</a>: <i lang="hu">vezérezredes</i>). The rank was introduced in 1915, following the German model. The rank was not used after <a href="World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a> in the <a href="Austrian_Federal_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Austrian Federal Army">Austrian Army</a> of the Republic.

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<div class="gallerytext">Insignia of an Austro-Hungarian Army colonel general</div>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hungary">Hungary</h3></div>

<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="Military_ranks_of_Hungary" title="Military ranks of Hungary">Military ranks of Hungary</a></div>

<p>The rank of <span title="Hungarian-language text"><i lang="hu">vezérezredes</i></span> (<abbr style="font-size:85%" title="literal translation">lit.</abbr><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> </span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span><span class="gloss-text">Chief regimental commander</span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span>) is still used in <a href="Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a>. The rank replaced the ranks of <span title="Hungarian-language text"><i lang="hu">gyalogsági tábornok</i></span> (general of infantry), <span title="Hungarian-language text"><i lang="hu">lovassági tábornok</i></span> (general of cavalry), and <span title="Hungarian-language text"><i lang="hu">táborszernagy</i></span> (general of artillery) in the early 1940s.

</p><p>Since 1991, <span title="Hungarian-language text"><i lang="hu">vezérezredes</i></span> has been the highest rank in the <a href="Hungarian_Defence_Forces" title="Hungarian Defence Forces">Hungarian Defence Forces</a>, and is officially translated as <a href="General_officer" title="General officer">General</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Hungary_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hungary-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="gallerytext">Royal Hungarian Army colonel general rank insignia</div>

</li>

<div class="gallerytext">Hungarian Defence Forces colonel general rank insignia</div>

</li>

</ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Czechoslovakia">Czechoslovakia</h2></div>

<p>The rank of colonel general (<span title="Czech-language text"><i lang="cs">generálplukovník</i></span>) was created in the Czechoslovak army in 1950; it was dropped after the 1993 dissolution of the state.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="France">France</h2></div>

<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="Colonel_General_(France)" title="Colonel General (France)">Colonel General (France)</a></div>

<p>In the <a href="French_Army" title="French Army">French Army</a>, under the <i><a href="Ancien_r%C3%A9gime" title="Ancien régime">Ancien régime</a></i>, the officer in nominal command of all the regiments of a particular branch of service (i. e. infantry, cavalry, dragoons, Swiss troops, etc.) was known as the colonel general. This was not a rank, but an <a href="Great_Officers_of_the_Crown_of_France" title="Great Officers of the Crown of France">office of the Crown</a>.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Georgia">Georgia</h2></div>

<p>The Republic of Georgia adopted Soviet designations after its independence in 1991 so that the rank of colonel-general (<a href="Georgian_language" title="Georgian language">Georgian</a>: <span title="Georgian-language text"><span lang="ka" style="font-style: normal;">გენერალ-პოლკოვნიკი</span></span>, <span title="Georgian-language text"><i lang="ka-Latn">general-polkovniki</i></span>) exists, yet it is only used as highest possible rank in the Patrol Police and Border Police of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. In the Defence Forces it is the highest possible rank for all general officers and the Chief of Defence Forces (who currently holds minimum rank of major general).

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Germany">Germany</h2></div>

<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="Generaloberst" title="Generaloberst">Generaloberst</a></div>

<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="List_of_German_colonel_generals" title="List of German colonel generals">List of German colonel generals</a></div>

<p>The rank of <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Generaloberst</i></span> was introduced in the <a href="Prussian_Army" title="Prussian Army">Prussian Army</a> in 1854, originally as Colonel General with the rank of Field Marshal (<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Generaloberst in dem Rang als Generalfeldmarschall</i></span>) as field marshal was a wartime promotion and excluded members of the royal family. It later was split into said two ranks and eventually was adopted by the other state forces of the <a href="German_Empire" title="German Empire">German Empire</a>.

</p><p>It was also used in the <i><a href="Reichswehr" title="Reichswehr">Reichswehr</a></i> of the <a href="Weimar_Republic" title="Weimar Republic">Weimar Republic</a>, and more prominently within the <i><a href="Wehrmacht" title="Wehrmacht">Wehrmacht</a></i>. The rank continued in the <a href="National_People's_Army" title="National People's Army">National People's Army</a> of <a href="East_Germany" title="East Germany">East Germany</a> until <a href="German_reunification" title="German reunification">German reunification</a> in 1990. The <i><a href="Bundeswehr" title="Bundeswehr">Bundeswehr</a></i>, first in <a href="West_Germany" title="West Germany">West Germany</a> and since 1990 in unified Germany, does not use it and has <i><a href="General_(Germany)" title="General (Germany)">General</a></i> as highest rank.

</p>

<div class="gallerytext"><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Generaloberst</i></span><br>(<a href="German_Army_(1935%E2%80%931945)" title="German Army (1935–1945)">German Army</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-Nazi_Germany_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nazi_Germany-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div>

</li>

<div class="gallerytext"> <a href="Epaulette" title="Epaulette">Epaulettes</a>, Generaloberst mit dem Rang als Generalfeldmarschall</div>

</li>

<div class="gallerytext"><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Generaloberst mit dem Rang als Generalfeldmarschall</i></span><br>(<a href="Imperial_German_Army" title="Imperial German Army">Imperial German Army</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div>

</li>

</ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mongolia">Mongolia</h2></div>

<p>In 1961, J. Lkhagvasuren was awarded the title of Colonel General of the People's Republic of Mongolia. There are 9 people in Mongolia who have been promoted to colonel general. Currently, one person, <a href="Sonomyn_Luvsangombo" title="Sonomyn Luvsangombo">Sonomyn Luvsangombo</a>, is living. Since 2006, this rank has been removed from the ranks of the Mongolian Armed Forces.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="North_Korea">North Korea</h2></div>

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</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:108px;max-width:108px"><div class="trow"><div class="theader">Rank insignia colonel general of North Korea</div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:52px;max-width:52px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></div><div class="thumbcaption text-align-center"><small>Army</small></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:52px;max-width:52px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></div><div class="thumbcaption text-align-center"><small>Air Force</small></div></div></div></div></div>

<p>The <a href="Comparative_military_ranks_of_Korea" title="Comparative military ranks of Korea">North Korean rank</a> of <i>sangjang</i> translates as "colonel general". <i>Sangjang</i> is senior to that of <i><a href="Jungjang" class="mw-redirect" title="Jungjang">jungjang</a></i> (usually translated as "lieutenant general") and junior to that of <i><a href="Daejang" class="mw-redirect" title="Daejang">daejang</a></i> (usually translated as "general").

</p><p>This rank is typically held by the commanding officer of units along the <a href="Korean_DMZ" class="mw-redirect" title="Korean DMZ">Korean DMZ</a> and the North Korean security zone at <a href="Panmunjom" title="Panmunjom">Panmunjom</a>. It is also the rank held by the KPA <a href="Pyongyang_Defense_Command" title="Pyongyang Defense Command">Pyongyang Defense Command</a>'s commanding general.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Russia">Russia</h2></div>

<div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:108px;max-width:108px"><div class="trow"><div class="theader">Rank insignias colonel general of Russia</div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:52px;max-width:52px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></div><div class="thumbcaption text-align-center"><small>Army</small></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:52px;max-width:52px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></div><div class="thumbcaption text-align-center"><small>Air Force</small></div></div></div></div></div>

<p>The rank of colonel general (<a href="Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>: <span lang="ru">генерал-полковник</span>, <small><a href="Romanization_of_Russian" title="Romanization of Russian">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Russian-language romanization"><i lang="ru-Latn">general-<a href="Polkovnik" title="Polkovnik">polkovnik</a></i></span>) was first established in the <a href="Red_Army" title="Red Army">Red Army</a> on 7 May 1940, as a replacement for the previously existing <a href="Komandarm_2nd_rank" title="Komandarm 2nd rank">Komandarm 2nd rank</a> (<a href="Comandarm" class="mw-redirect" title="Comandarm"><span title="Russian-language romanization"><i lang="ru-Latn">kommandarm vtorovo ranga</i></span></a>, "army commander of the second rank").<sup id="cite_ref-sov_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sov-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During <a href="World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, about 199 officers were promoted to colonel general. Before 1943, Soviet colonel generals wore four stars on their collar patches (<span title="Russian-language romanization"><i lang="ru-Latn">petlitsy</i></span>). Since 1943, they have worn three stars on their shoulder straps, making the rank equivalent to a United States <a href="Lieutenant_General_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lieutenant General (United States)">lieutenant general</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZiemke1968505_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZiemke1968505-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Unlike the German <span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Generaloberst</i></span> (which it most probably <a href="Calque" title="Calque">calqued</a>), the Soviet and Russian colonel general rank is neither an exceptional nor a rare one, as it is a normal step in the "ladder" between a two-star <a href="Lieutenant_general" title="Lieutenant general">lieutenant general</a> and a four-star <a href="General_of_the_Army_(Russia)" class="mw-redirect" title="General of the Army (Russia)">army general</a>.

</p><p>Other than that, the Soviet and Russian rank systems sometimes cause confusion in regard to equivalence of ranks, because the normal Western title for <a href="Brigadier" title="Brigadier">brigadier</a> or <a href="Brigadier_general" title="Brigadier general">brigadier general</a> ceased to exist for the Russian Army in 1798. The <a href="Kombrig" title="Kombrig">kombrig</a> rank that corresponded to one-star general only existed in the Soviet Union during 1935–1940. Positions typically reserved for these ranks, such as <a href="Brigade" title="Brigade">brigade</a> commanders, have always been occupied by <a href="Colonel" title="Colonel">colonels</a> (<span title="Russian-language text"><i lang="ru"><a href="Polkovnik" title="Polkovnik">polkovnik</a></i></span>) or, very rarely, <a href="Major_general" title="Major general">major generals</a> (see <a href="History_of_Russian_military_ranks" title="History of Russian military ranks">History of Russian military ranks</a>).

</p><p>The rank has usually been given to district, front and army commanders, and also to deputy ministers of defense, deputy heads of the general staff and so on.

</p><p>In some post-Soviet <a href="Commonwealth_of_Independent_States" title="Commonwealth of Independent States">Commonwealth of Independent States</a> armies (for example in <a href="Belarus" title="Belarus">Belarus</a>), there are no generals of the army or <a href="Marshal" title="Marshal">marshals</a>, and so colonel general is the highest rank, usually held by the minister of defense.

</p><p>The corresponding naval rank is <a href="Admiral" title="Admiral">admiral</a>, which is also <a href="Three_star_rank" class="mw-redirect" title="Three star rank">denoted by three stars</a>.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sweden">Sweden</h2></div>

<p>Colonel general (<i>generalöverste</i>) has also been a senior military rank in Sweden, used principally before the 19th century.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ukraine">Ukraine</h2></div>

<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="Military_ranks_of_Ukraine" title="Military ranks of Ukraine">Military ranks of Ukraine</a></div>

<p>In Ukraine, colonel general (<a href="Ukrainian_language" title="Ukrainian language">Ukrainian</a>: <span lang="uk">генерал-полковник</span>, <small><a href="Romanization_of_Ukrainian" title="Romanization of Ukrainian">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Ukrainian-language romanization"><i lang="uk-Latn">heneral-<a href="Polkovnyk" class="mw-redirect" title="Polkovnyk">polkovnyk</a></i></span>) is now an obsolete military rank of general officers of the <a href="Ukrainian_Ground_Forces" title="Ukrainian Ground Forces">Ground Forces</a>, <a href="Ukrainian_Air_Force" title="Ukrainian Air Force">Air Force</a>, and <a href="Ukrainian_Navy" title="Ukrainian Navy">Navy</a> (only Marine Corps, Naval Aviation and Shore Establishment). It was first introduced in 1920 as part of a rank system in <a href="Ukrainian_People's_Army" title="Ukrainian People's Army">Ukrainian People's Army</a> replacing such terms as <b><a href="Sotnyk" class="mw-redirect" title="Sotnyk">Sotnyk</a> general</b> and <b><a href="Bunchuk" class="mw-redirect" title="Bunchuk">Bunchuk</a> general</b>.

</p><p>From October 1, 2020, the rank of colonel general in Ukraine was no longer assigned and the highest rank of general was introduced. Until 2020, it was a higher rank than a <a href="Lieutenant_general" title="Lieutenant general">lieutenant general</a>, but a lower rank than <a href="General_of_the_Army_of_Ukraine" title="General of the Army of Ukraine">general of the Army of Ukraine</a>.

</p><p>Although the rank of colonel general has not been awarded since 2020, it remains with its current bearers until they receive the military rank of general. Despite the fact that the military rank of colonel general was withdrawn from circulation, after the next version of the order, the insignia of this rank were indicated. A colonel general has shoulder straps with four four-rayed stars above the maces. To distinguish the holders of the rank of colonel general from the holders of the newly introduced rank of general (have the same number of stars on the shoulder straps), it was decided to apply different schemes of star placement. The stars on the shoulder straps of the generals are located along the axis of the shoulder strap, and the stars of the colonel generals are arranged in a diamond.

</p><p>Equivalent to the ranks of colonel general and general in the navy is the rank of <a href="Admiral" title="Admiral">admiral</a>. Until 2020, the ranks of colonel general and admiral were <a href="Three_star_rank" class="mw-redirect" title="Three star rank">denoted by three stars</a>. Since 2020, the ranks of general, colonel general and admiral have become <a href="Four-star_rank" class="mw-redirect" title="Four-star rank">four-star ranks</a> (with existing colonel generals slotted below generals of the Armed Forces).

</p><p>Insignia of the rank of colonel general, Ukraine:

</p>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th colspan="3">until 2016

</th>

<th colspan="3">project 2016

</th>

<th colspan="5">2016–2020

</th>

<th colspan="1">from 2020

</th></tr></tbody></table>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="United_Kingdom">United Kingdom</h2></div>

<p>The title of colonel general was used before and during the <a href="English_Civil_War" title="English Civil War">English Civil War</a> in both <a href="Cavalier" title="Cavalier">Royalist</a> and <a href="Parliament_of_England" title="Parliament of England">Parliamentarian</a> armies. In these cases, it often appears to have meant a senior <a href="Colonel" title="Colonel">colonel</a> as opposed to a senior general.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Colonel_generals'_insignia">Colonel generals' insignia</h2></div>

<div class="gallerytext"><span title="Armenian-language text"><span lang="hy">գեներալ-գնդապետ</span></span><br><span title="Armenian-language text"><i lang="hy-Latn">General-gndapet</i></span><br>(<a href="Armenian_Ground_Forces" title="Armenian Ground Forces">Armenian Ground Forces</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-Armenia_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Armenia-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div>

</li>

<div class="gallerytext"><span title="Azerbaijani-language text"><i lang="az">General-polkovnik</i></span><br>(<a href="Azerbaijani_Land_Forces" title="Azerbaijani Land Forces">Azerbaijani Land Forces</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-Azerbaijan_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Azerbaijan-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div>

</li>

<div class="gallerytext"><span title="Belarusian-language text"><span lang="be">Ґенэрал-палкоўнік</span></span><br><span title="Belarusian-language text"><i lang="be-Latn">G̀jeneral-palkoŭnik</i></span><br>(<a href="Belarusian_Ground_Forces" title="Belarusian Ground Forces">Belarusian Ground Forces</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-Belarus_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Belarus-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div>

</li>

<div class="gallerytext"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><i lang="bs">General pukovnik</i></span><br>(<a href="Bosnian_Ground_Forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Bosnian Ground Forces">Bosnian Ground Forces</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-Bosnia&Herzegovina_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bosnia&Herzegovina-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div>

</li>

<div class="gallerytext"><span title="Croatian-language text"><i lang="hr">General pukovnik</i></span><br>(<a href="Croatian_Army" title="Croatian Army">Croatian Army</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-Croatia_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Croatia-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div>

</li>

<div class="gallerytext"><span title="Kazakh-language text"><span lang="kk">Генерал-Полҝвниҝ</span></span><br><span title="Kazakh-language text"><i lang="kk-Latn">General-polkovnïk</i></span><br>(<a href="Kazakh_Ground_Forces" title="Kazakh Ground Forces">Kazakh Ground Forces</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-Kazakhstan_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kazakhstan-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div>

</li>

<div class="gallerytext"><span title="Serbian-language text"><i lang="sr-Latn">General pukovnik</i></span><br>(<a href="Montenegrin_Ground_Army" title="Montenegrin Ground Army">Montenegrin Ground Army</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-Montenegro_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Montenegro-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div>

</li>

<div class="gallerytext"><span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Генера́л-полко́вник</span></span><br><span title="Russian-language text"><i lang="ru-Latn">Generál-polkóvnik</i></span><br>(<a href="Russian_Ground_Forces" title="Russian Ground Forces">Russian Ground Forces</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-Russia_Army_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Russia_Army-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div>

</li>

<div class="gallerytext"><span title="Tajik-language text"><span lang="tg">Генерал-полковник</span></span><br><span title="Tajik-language text"><i lang="tg-Latn">General-polkovnik</i></span><br>(<a href="Tajik_National_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Tajik National Army">Tajik National Army</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-Tajikistan_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tajikistan-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div>

</li>

<div class="gallerytext"><span title="Turkmen-language text"><i lang="tk">General-polkownik</i></span><br>(<a href="Turkmen_Ground_Forces" title="Turkmen Ground Forces">Turkmen Ground Forces</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-Turkmenistan_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Turkmenistan-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div>

</li>

<div class="gallerytext"><span title="Uzbek-language text"><i lang="uz">General-polkovnik</i></span><br>(<a href="Uzbek_Ground_Forces" title="Uzbek Ground Forces">Uzbek Ground Forces</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-Uzbekistan_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Uzbekistan-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div>

</li>

</ul>

<ul><li><a href="Lieutenant_colonel_general" title="Lieutenant colonel general">Lieutenant colonel general</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_colonel_generals" title="List of colonel generals">List of colonel generals</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3></div>

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</style><cite id="CITEREFAndrea2009" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Andrea, Kánya (6 May 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://honvedelem.hu/hirek/honvedelmi-miniszter/a-galler-es-az-otagu-csillag.html">"A gallér és az ötágú csillag"</a>. <i>honvedelem.hu</i> (in Hungarian). Hungarian Defence Forces<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFStumpf2017" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Stumpf, Reinhard (2017). <i>Die Wehrmacht-Elite: Rang- und Herkunftsstruktur der deutschen Generale und Admirale 1933–1945</i> (in German). <a href="De_Gruyter" title="De Gruyter">De Gruyter</a>. p. 139. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>9783486817683</bdi>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-sov-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-sov_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFCharles_D._Pettibone2009" class="citation book cs1">Charles D. Pettibone (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Vr4Xr1EeezQC&q=IVth%20mechanized%20corps&pg=PA905"><i>Organization and Order of Battle of Militaries in World War II : Union of Soviet Socialist Republics</i></a>. Trafford On Demand Pub. p. 905. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-1-4269-2251-0</bdi>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEZiemke1968505-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZiemke1968505_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFZiemke1968">Ziemke 1968</a>, p. 505.</span>

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<li id="cite_note-Armenia-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Armenia_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.arlis.am/documentview.aspx?docid=117633">"ԶԻՆՎՈՐԱԿԱՆ ԾԱՌԱՅՈՒԹՅԱՆ ԵՎ ԶԻՆԾԱՌԱՅՈՂԻ ԿԱՐԳԱՎԻՃԱԿԻ ՄԱՍԻՆ"</a>. <i>arlis.am</i> (in Armenian). Legal information system of Armenia. 15 November 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-Azerbaijan-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Azerbaijan_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mod.gov.az//images/pdf/854d34d118da32783a511172925270d7.pdf">"Azərbaycan Respublikası Silahlı Qüvvələri hərbi qulluqçularının hərbi geyim forması və fərqləndirmə nişanları haqqında Əsasnamə"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>mod.gov.az</i> (in Azerbaijani). Ministry of Defense. 25 June 2001. pp. <span class="nowrap">64–</span>70<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 February</span> 2021</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-Belarus-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Belarus_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pravo.levonevsky.org/bazaby11/republic09/text814.htm">"Указ Президента Республики Беларусь от 21.07.2009 N 388 "О военной форме одежды, знаках различия по воинским званиям и внесении дополнений в Указ Президента Республики Беларусь от 9 июня 2006 г. N 383""</a>. <i>pravo.levonevsky.org/</i> (in Russian). Government of Belarus<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-Bosnia&Herzegovina-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bosnia&Herzegovina_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190506154218/http://os.mod.gov.ba/vojna-oprema-naoruzanje-i-simboli-os-bih/oznake-cinova-i-uniforme-u-os-bih/Obilje%C5%BEja_i_cinovi_OS_BiH/default.aspx?id=1737&langTag=bs-BA&template_id=181&pageIndex=1">"OBILJEŽJA I ČINOVI OS BIH"</a>. <i>os.mod.gov.ba</i> (in Bosnian). Oružane snage Bosne i Hercegovine. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://os.mod.gov.ba/vojna-oprema-naoruzanje-i-simboli-os-bih/oznake-cinova-i-uniforme-u-os-bih/Obilje%c5%beja_i_cinovi_OS_BiH/default.aspx?id=1737&langTag=bs-BA&template_id=181&pageIndex=1">the original</a> on 6 May 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 September</span> 2019</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-Croatia-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Croatia_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.osrh.hr/#rubData/HTML/HR/RAZNO/OZNAKE/20190401_Galerija_oznaka/Galerija_oznaka_HR.htm">"Oznake činova"</a>. <i>osrh.hr</i> (in Croatian). Republic of Croatia Armed Forces. 1 April 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-Kazakhstan-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Kazakhstan_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://adilet.zan.kz/kaz/docs/U1100000144">"Қазақстан Республикасының Қарулы Күштері, басқа да әскерлері мен әскери құралымдары әскери қызметшілерінің әскери киім нысаны және айырым белгілері туралы"</a>. <i>adilet.zan.kz</i> (in Kazakh). Ministry of Justice (Kazakhstan). 25 August 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-Montenegro-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Montenegro_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source-2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wapi.gov.me/download-preview/f21585eb-2399-4cf3-ab40-7f0e245093be?version=1.0">"IV. Izgled Činova u Vojsci"</a>. <i>Official Gazette of Montenegro</i> (in Montenegrin). 50/10: <span class="nowrap">22–</span>28. 16 August 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-Russia_Army-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Russia_Army_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rg.ru/2010/03/12/forma-dok.html">"Указ Президента Российской Федерации от 11 марта 2010 года № 293 "О военной форме одежды, знаках различия военнослужащих и ведомственных знаках отличия""</a>. <i>rg.ru</i> (in Russian). Российской газеты. 12 March 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-Tajikistan-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Tajikistan_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://majmilli.tj/%D2%9B%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8-%D2%B7%D1%83%D0%BC%D2%B3%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B8-%D1%82%D0%BE%D2%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD-%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80-%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8-35/">"ҚОНУНИ ҶУМҲУРИИ ТОҶИКИСТОН ДАР БОРАИ ЎҲДАДОРИИ УМУМИИ ҲАРБӢ ВА ХИЗМАТИ ҲАРБӢ"</a>. <i>majmilli.tj</i> (in Tajik). The National Assembly of the Republic of Tajikistan. 13 April 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-Turkmenistan-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Turkmenistan_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://milligosun.gov.tm/storage/file/04-harby-borclulyk-we-harby-gulluk-hakynda-ky9J0pKxTQ.pdf">"TÜRKMENISTANYŇ KANUNY Harby borçlulyk we harby gulluk hakynda (Türkmenistanyň Mejlisiniň Maglumatlary 2010 ý., № 3, 58-nji madda) (Türkmenistanyň 01.10.2011 ý. № 234-IV Kanuny esasynda girizilen üýtgetmeler we goşmaçalar bilen)"</a> [LAW OF TURKMENISTAN On military service and military service (Information of the Mejlis of Turkmenistan, 2010, No. 3, Article 58) (as amended by the Law of Turkmenistan of October 1, 2011 No. 234-IV)] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>milligosun.gov.tm</i> (in Turkmen). Ministry of Defense (Turkmenistan). pp. <span class="nowrap">28–</span>29<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-Uzbekistan-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Uzbekistan_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lex.uz/docs/-4513434">"O'zbekiston Respublikasi fuqarolarining harbiy xizmatni o'tash tartibi to'g'risida"</a>. <i>lex.uz</i> (in Uzbek). Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Uzbekistan. 12 September 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite></span>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3></div>

<ul><li><cite id="CITEREFZiemke1968" class="citation book cs1">Ziemke, Earl F. (1968) [1968]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120111190413/http://www.history.army.mil/html/books/030/30-5-1/index.html"><i>Stalingrad to Berlin: The German Defeat in the East</i></a>. Washington, D.C.: United States Army Center of Military History. <a href="OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1013364845">1013364845</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://history.army.mil/html/books/030/30-5-1/index.html">the original</a> on January 11, 2012.</cite></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091029024631/http://geocities.com/~orion47/WEHRMACHT/HEER/Genobst-RH_List.html">Biographies of German army <i>generalobersten</i></a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091028181132/http://geocities.com/~orion47/WEHRMACHT/LUFTWAFFE/Genobst-LW_List.html">Biographies of <i>Luftwaffe</i> <i>generalobersten</i></a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.austro-hungarian-army.co.uk/genobst.htm">Biographies of Austro-Hungarian <i>generalobersten</i> of WWI</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200126215633/http://www.austro-hungarian-army.co.uk/genobst.htm">Archived</a> 2020-01-26 at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>)</li></ul></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

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